Air gun



i Feb. 18, 1930. J. B. couRENQ AIR GUN Filed oct. 22., 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 fr lull Innen/0r' Jean (bz/ffl?? Feb. 18, 1930.

J. E. COURENQ AIR GUN Filed Oct. 22, 1,927

4 Sheets-Sheet J. B. COURENQ AIR GUN Innen for Cadre/zg Feb. 18, 1930.

r am Ar n AVV w Feb. 18, 1930. ,1. B. COURENQ AIR GUN 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed OCT.. 22, 1927 N\ KUHN Inl/@Mur Jaz/z Caffe/zy Mr/Zeg Patented Feb. 18, 1930 JEAN B. COURENQ, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA .AIR GUN f Application filedv October 22, 1927. Serial No. 227,958.

This invention has to do generally with pneumatic guns, and is more particularly concerned with that type of air rifle wherein the projectile propelling charge of air is compressed by the stroking of a plunger and is released for propelling the projectile by the openingfof an outlet or firing valve, the projectile usually, though not necessarily, being projected through a shooting barrel which is associated with but not a part of the pump or compressing barrel.y

I will not here attempt to discuss eX- haustively all of the many objects and features of the invention, for these may be considered to much better advantage in connection with the following detailed description. However, I will set forth a few ofthe more outstanding objects` and features. In order to do this effectively and` clearly it will be helpful to discuss certain shortcomings of the usual air rifle. This is not done in the spirit of derogation but merely in order that inventors advances in the art maybe clearly established.

In firing air rifles of the type described generally above, the outlet or firing valve is opened by a slidable pin to which the trigger is operatively connected. Finger pressure upon the trigger acts to push this'pin, which may be termed a firing pin, against the valve,

' moving the latter against the pressure of the air Within thecompression chamber and allowing its escape to the shooting barrelty It is universally acknowledged that in firing any type of piece, finger pressure upon the trigger should be gradually applied, or, in the parlance of the art, that the trigger should be squeezed rather than pulled .If the trigger be pulled, sharp shooting is impossif ble, for reasons well understood bv those skilled in the art. Thisis as true of pneumatic guns as of those of the explosive type. However, if the tiring valve of an air rifle be opened gradually, as is the casein the usual air rifle when the trigger is lsqueezed rather than pulled, the air within the compression chamber is released more or less gradually and does not impinge upon the projectile with the suddenly applied'force necessary both to sharp shooting and hard Shooting. That this is the case, is evidenced by the yfact that manufacturers of these guns state in their instructions that the trigger is to be pulled quickly. In thus pulling the l v trigger quickly to overcome the objection of gradual air release, the marksman is directly dsobeying a fundamental of shooting and will pull the piece off the target, as will be readily recognized.

Therefore, it is the principal object ofmy i invention to provide a rifle having all the advantages of the usual pneumatic gun over guns using eXploslve charges, that is, advantages which yexist when kguns are to be used4 for certain purposes, and yet one whichis so fashioned that the trigger may be squeezed rather than pulled.. However', in spite of this gradual movement of the trigger .to firing position, the air within the compression chamber is released suddenly and allowed to i impinge upon the projectile with fully effective force.

I accomplish this generally by the use of a firing spring and the employmentof a trigger-controlled sear which is adapted to .hold this spring cocked or under compression. l/Vhen the trigger is squeezed to release the sear, the spring expands and acts to`cause sudden impingement upon the ring valve, thus opening said valve suddenly andA vforcibly against the pressure lof air within the compression chamber. Now'itlies within the scope of my invention to arrange this main spring so that when it is released will act upon any element of the mechanism to cause a sudden opening of the firing valve. For instance, it may be arranged to act directly upon the valve or upon any ofthe elements intermediate the trigger and the valve.

However, as a preferred arrangement and in accordancewith the showing here. made, the main spring acts directly upon a firing pin to project the latter into forcible engagement with the firing valve. Since the firing pin, when it is in cocked position, is here shown as being spaced from the firing valve and is projected through this space into forcible engagement with said valve or an element connected thereto, the pin may be here termed a striker, the spring, therefore, acting di- A rectly upon this striker. In other situations,

however, (situations whichstill come withinthe' spirit' of myv invention) the firing pin may always rest against the valve. andthe `sudden blow Vof thespring may-be appliedr either directly to this pin or to vramember operatively associated therewith. .Y

By reason/,ofthe above, it will be `seen'that it is necessary to cockfthe piece between 4suc- Cessive firings. Asan especialr advantage'ousV feature, I have Vso arrangedthevmeclianismr thatthis cooking is accomplished automatical:

-. ly during the stroking of the aircompressingA plunger.V Inother words, whilethe necessity' for cockingthe piece 'reqiiir'esan operation not necessary in rifles depending upon 'valve- Y opening directly throughpressure applied toVr 'Y v.the trigger, vthis additionalfcperation is per-- formedv during anoperation which isfnecesg sary to vall gunsoftheplunger typean'd therev f forecalls for no'additional consciousefort on 7 'thepartlof the fuser.' Theffasseinbly,which allows theiujtilization of the pumpgrodfor l thedual purpose of charging ,and cooking the rifles here involves` the mounting ofthe ing pinupon Vthe-plunger rod, thejiiring pin being bothV movable bodily with andi' limitatalolyr ,movable withv respectto .the

plunger. Howeverit will be understood `this particularityofl association betweenthe'pump rod and ,firingl pin isgnot essential tothe ini vention, considered iny its broader asp ects..l

Anothery feature of my invention r resides'in the provision of safety ,means whereby the vrifle cannot be loadedA or effectively disr charged-during the stroking of theair pump plunger. The advantage of this safety proA vision isgobvious. YAs a; further feature, f thoughV notfalirnitationon the invention, the` meansv` employed fon preventing .premature loading. and ejection. ofthe projectile also l serves as varneans forjholdingthe plunger against outward movement when the piece Vis fired,; this beingafdesirable feature inasmuch lrasthe vmain springis compressed between the l-pnmpfrod and ,firing pin;v when the' piece is .cocked andY might votherwise tend to Iproiect theplunger rather than vjthefiring pin. While there'aregothermeans provided for holding theplungen against suchV outward movement, mainfdependence is preferably, lthough not f necessarily, had', upon the safety member;

ff-s, a:istill'furtheri feature meansjis pro-v vided for transferring theammunition from a magazine to the shooting barrel, whereby the gun is giventhecharacteristics of are- 'peatergf lVVhile thisis; considered a feature in itself, as applied 'to air rides, yas anfadded feature it is hereincorporated withthe'lsafety feature.l above mentioned that is, gthe ysame element,y which serves'to block the ringbari rel during stroking ofthe pump plunger and v which holds certain parts of the mec'hanism in Operative position during the fdi's'charg? V"in gof the piece, is hereA also utilizedtoy effect the transfer of ammunition from the maga-V zine to theV f'lring barrel'.

. `Many other' objects and novel features of my' invention will be pointed .out in connes# tion with the following detailedy description,

reference being-hadv to the; accompanying l drawings, in which Fig. 1 is aVA sidetelevation fof an air rifle embodying myl invention;

Fig. 2 .is a fragmentary,Y enlarged medial section ythrough the rifle'r at the junction of s the stock and receiver;v

Fig. 3 is an enlarged framentary ymediall lsection through the firing mechanism ofthe rifle, showing the'posi'tion ofparts just after `the-piece has been `fired and beforefinger pressure has been taken-'from thetrigger;

Y Fi 3? is anvenlar ed kfraoment'ar sec-.j v

tion on line Str-Saufv Fig? 3;...

Fig. 4 is a view similar ,to Fig. i shows ing the position of parts as thepump plunger Y is being "withdrawn from the;` position of l Fig- KV5 isausection Online Fig. s. is a geen@ loana@ 'efe Qfriggl;

Fig. 9'is an enlargedfragmentaryxview on iin@ 9 9 of Fig. Luie sigla@-loeingiLuigiaY dinallycontracted;v

Fie- 10'gis a fragmentary' 'View Showing the e elementsat the kextreme rightl of 9 changed position;

,'Fig. 11 is asection on linev11-r11 of 9 i g Y Y Fig.'12 is asectionon line 12-12 of Fig/9 gf 13 is a View similar to Figf12, but showing the. elements vin different positions,

Fig. 111 isa fragmentary elevation ,of Fig.

9 as viewedfrom the positioneof arrow 14;

Fvigfly is a fragmentary elevation of Fig.`

17 isa sectionon'line 17%17'of Fig. t; A vFig.:18 is a section on line'I18-18of .L g'and Fig. 19 visa perspective .view of a valve" nection with my rifle.

In the drawings, nuineralf'lO indicates gen-l f erally a stock made up vof a woodenshoulder v-nfiemberll detachably joined bolt V12 and Ascrews 1 3 tothe lmetal member. 14. Itwillbe l f realized, of course, that'suchparticularities of'oonstruction are notcontrollingon the invention, considered in( itsj broader aspects. but` are illustrated" and describedy merelv to set forth a preferred construction. .n This reservation appliesto Vthe entirev specification iid' '9 as viewed fromthe. position of arrow415;;' Fig. 16 rvis anelevationl of the.firii'ig-pin; v

'cage or `mountingpreferably used invconand all structure illustrated in the drawings. i i

.-Afrilmp barrel is indicated.;generally-at lao l5, this barrel preferably carrying the firing mechanism and being readily connected to or disconnected from the stock so the gun may possess the advantages usual. to a take-downstructure.

- depend into chamber 19, the end lugs seating at 24 and 25 on member 14. Lug 21 has a rearward extension 26 which is adapted to be pushed endwise into notch 27 at the end of chamber 19, the overhanging shoulder 28 of f member 14 engaging extension 26 to hold the rearward end of barrel to member 14. A take-down screw 29 is passed through the side walls 17, 18 and through lug 22, the screw thus serving to hold the barrel detachably in assembly with the stock. It will be readily seen that by removing screw 29, barrel 14 may be drawn clear of member 14.

o Base 16 of member 14 is cut away as at 30 to allow the passage of trigger 31 therethrough when the gun is being taken down or assembled', trigger 31 being pivotally mounted at 32 on lug 21. Casting 14 is formed with a trigger guard 33 which protects the trigger handle 34 in the usual manner. Slot 30 is of suiiicient extent to permit the trigger being moved to and from the dotted line position to F ig. 2, such trigger movement serving to swing the trigger nose 35 for the purpose to be hereinafter set forth. y

Spaced from the rearward end of barrel 15 is a plug 36 which is soldered or otherwise suitably secured within the barrel bore, while an elongated cylindric plug 37 is fitted within barrel 15 just ahead of plug 36, it being held lI in position by any suitable means such as screws 38. I will term plug'37 a. receiver since it receives the greater portion of the firing mechanism. The open bore 39 of barrel 15 ahead of receiver 37 may be termed a pump chamber, while that portion 40 of the barrel bore behind plug 36 may be termed the compression chamber, therearward end of said compression chamber being defined by a rubber packingV 41 held in place against breech plug 42, the latter being retained in the barrel by pin 43.

Opening centrally to the rearward face of plug 36 and curving through said plug and receiver 37 is a discharge passageway 44 which communicates with the bore of the has a constriction 47, usual to this type of gun, whereby the projectile P is seated when the gun is loaded, said projectile dropping with sufficient force towedge it within the constriction so it will not drop out when the gun is pointed downwardly, though said projectile is adapted to be ejected fromthe shooting barrel when pneumatic force is applied behind it.

Plug 36 kcarries an annular neck 48 about the mouth of passageway 40, this neck forming the seating portion 49 of the main or firing valve generally indicated at 50. As willl be made evident, this valve functions both as an inletand exhaust valve for chamber 40.

I have devised a particularly efficient type of valve head and mounting therefor, one of the features being that of easy insertion or replacement, this being advantageous both from the standpoint of relatively low cost of manufacture and of accessibility for replacement, repair or adjustment of valve parts. However, it will be understood that this particular structure is in no way controlling onv my invention, considered in its broader aspects. I have fashioned the valve mounting in the form of a cage or frame generally indicated at 51 (Figs. 3, 18 and 19) consisting of a circular disk or head 52 centrally apertured at 53 to encircle neck 48 and to bear against the rear face of plug 36. Extending from diametrically opposite sides of head 52 are arms 54 which are parallel to the axis of head 52, the ends of said arms being connected by bridge or guide member 55, centrally apertured at 56, and being connected substan- 2- tially midway of their length by bridge or guide member 57 which is centrally apertured at 58. A valve steml 59 is mounted for horizontal reciprocation through apertures 56, 58,

and a valve head or stopper 60 is screwed or otherwise suitably connected to rod 59 and held thereby in axial alinement with valve seat 49. An expansion spring 61 encircles stem 59, being longitudinally confined between bridge 55 and a washer 62 which is pinned to the stem at 63. The periphery of head 52 is notched as at 64, these notches being spaced substantially o from arms 54. Extending radially inwardl from barrel 15 and spaced longitudinally from vplug 36, are diametrically opposed stop lugs 65.

vWith the valve stem and head fully assembled within cage 51 and with plug 42 and washer 41 removed, it will be seen that by rotating the cage until notches 64 are in alinement with lugs 65, the cage'may be `moved longitudinally through the barrel to and from" the position of Fig. 3.` Assuming that the cage is being assembled with the barrel,fas soon as said cage has been thrust forwardly to bringl head 52 into Contact with plug 36, at which time bridge 56 is just ahead of lug 65,. the cage is rotated through 90O to bring said bridge into alignment with lugs 65. Spring- 61 is so` applied to the stem that it serves to so; j

'gagne-a :coffin themaiV .neck `lziatreaty .react'iom lit thrusts the' *cage rearwardly A into *'rictiongal:engagement/with lug '65V to hold said.I cage rictionally against rotating toi a positionifwhere the bridgegwould clearsaidV` 'ylug's fand allow the-cage to rinove rearwardly. ltgisobv-ious that the cagev may a'sjeasilyfbev removed by the same operationsin reverse yorder. f f

Preferably, the forward Vface ova'lve head 60 is a'nnullarly Vrecessed't'o taire seating washer v'dfand thereis a push rod'67 "threaded 'or otherwisefsuitablysecured tothe hub por` tiongGSoi thefhead. Thisv rodinay be cons'id'eredasfaz-part or extension-(of the valve liead; the-'threaded Connection 69,A providing `nfifeans--vffor- 1 adjusting the" rod' longitudinally wherebythetijn'nlngof valve opening y andV the! Y extent` of' rthe:valve opening. under the 'influenceioi" thev firing` mechanism be Vvaried.

, Thispoint will b econ'lel apparentat-a later tively-small diameter and opens into a rela- Y l tively jlarge`bore'71, the end of rody 67 nor stagefinthe description.' v Y z o Bod v67feXtends` through passageway 4 4 and hasy close sliding-t within axial bore 7() 1n mally projecting into the last-namedfbore.

' -Rceiverff isi/counterbored as at 72, this YCo'l nterboreopeningto the forward end of the receiver.

, pressed within chamber 40 is generally indi- "cated at' 73; being-"made up of pump rod-74 and piston head 75; this headbeing mounted for rfeclprocation #through pump sch-amber 39 vVV'hilel =will vascribe certain preferred y :structural detailsy to vthe yplunger whereby't'he y desired results are obtainedain afcertainV way,` 40Y it-will be understood these particularities are f notvessentialto the invention, considered V7in l spiritv of my invention?? Y itsl'brbader aspects, for vwhile thel plunger hereadapted to have'rnanifoldfunction, itv vwill Kb ereadily recognized th at Athe structure may be altered'so certain of these functions may beftheofiiceV ofindependentlmechanisms,

though "such-alterations fV still :within vthe "Th'efrearwarl end (6v ofi-the Dump rod is y 8 and the' tubular head 79 of extensionsleeve 180,'a usual leather cup S1,-face"d on either sideV byf washers y82,'b`eng clampedvbetween nut' 78 and 4head 79.` The flange' 830i the cup is adapted to 'hug the barrel-'15l in Athe"Ina/nner usual to piston heads v `oit this type.' I Themaf' jor'eXtent of'riod 7 4i'i'sfofpolygonal cross-sec- V` tion, this extent reaching fromthe forward end-ofthe rod to a'point spaced somewhat'to the right ofnutv 78 (Figj 11)?, there being a coil spring 84 about `the cylindric portion of I the rodbet-we'en this rod land the corner shoulders-85 formed at. the vjunction of cylindric Vportion 7 6V and polygonal. portion 86. This polygonal` portion is adapted, `to slide any suitable keying means may be substitut-f ed betweenthe barrel'and rod to allowtheir y y relativereciprocationbut to prevent relative `A through Ymuz'izlejplugh-E? which is secured or any suitable manner, as by soldering; to'barrel 15. To theend of rod 74 and evxteri'orly i of barrel V15, is-secur-ed a knob-88,. -i' Since the i .7o. ycomplementary to polygonalV portion l86,11t-h'e.V j rod spheld from turning within barrel15,y

guideway' 89lthrough which rod 74 l slides is'Y thepurposeoic this feature vbeing latermade" Y apparent.` lt willhereadily understood that rotation. Y Spring 84serves merely Yas a buf-V fer when the plunger is drawn tothe 4end of its l Y s0 i Q intake strokejthis spring contacting with facel of plug87 andtakin'g upthe shockof im!V l y "pact, preventing'fnut`78 `from'z (jlirectly`'conf-lk tacting` with the muzzle pli'ig.` Shoulders 85' merely prevent thespring'fromsliding {free-7 lyalong thev rodiduring 'plunger reciprocal tion.. or n' ,L y, if* l Itwill'bevnoted thatrod 4 y'cannot bef'withdrawn to'an eXtent which would free polyg; cna-l portion 86 from the complementary way in plug 87, and consequently therod'c'annjot be rotated even whenitis pulledgout toits limit. v

betweeny purnp` chamber` 39 4and compression chamber 40, ity is evident-that a passageway: must be yprovided through or by" this receiver Y ySince receiver 87is interposed'in 'barrellf i Y to allow the passagey ofair from chamber 39 to chamber 40,v and I have indicated this pas- Y sageway or bypass generally at 91. Passagef v Y way 91 is made up of'a bore 92 which opens'V .100

through thefrestricted bore 93 infscr'ew plug".

94 yto the forwardr end of the 'receiver and' a Y' thereo're'to chamber V39. The'frearward .endfV`V A of bore92opens to a passageway 95 which Y f is or rectangular cross-sectionv (Fig. -17 the rearward end of passageway openingfatl96 l Y to dischargepass'ageway 44;* Below passage-V way'95 is apassageway 97 opening' at 98 tov vpassagewayand having" an upwardly opening port 99 communicating with passage-` way 95. 1 1 A f Y' Were bypass 91. 'as' a whpleto bealways openthroughout Vitsv Vextent-,NitV will be'seen thatv during the' pumping strokev airj would pass from chamberV 39toy passagewyland thence to the atmospherethroughbarrel-465 when the' gunis to be fired. 51! f Y Y tla'tl blade V100/which' f K The cut-off ncludes` a nicely fits passagewayl'and is of a width greater, lthanthe diameter/ofthe passageway Y zo 'Y barrel 46.

position it is clear of 44.` At either side of the passageway 44 are provided grooves 101 to take the edges of blade 100, it following that said blade may be reciprocated to or fro across passageway'44 to close off the lower portion thereof from Blade 100 is made accessible through a cover 102 which is detachably held to the main body of the receiver by screws 103. Valve stem 104 is threaded or otherwise suitably connected to blade 100 and extends therefrom into chamber 92. A spring 105 encircles stem 104 and acts between a washer 106 on said stem and the shoulder 107 defining one end of passageway 92 for yieldably holding blade 100 in the position of Fig. 3, in which passageway 44 and covers port 99.

Now assuming that the plunger be moved from the position of Fig. 11 toward that of Fig. 3, air is forced through passageway 93 into-passageway 92 and acts upon the end of blade 95 to force it to the left, in Fig. 3, and into the position of Fig. 6, that is, across passageway 44 until its end 108 clears port 99. The air then passes through passageways 97 and 44 againstvalve head 60, opening the latter against the tension of spring 61, and thus is compressed within chamber 40.l As soon as the plunger ceases to move through its work stroke, spring 61 `acts to close the firing valve 50, and spring 105 acts to return blade 100 to the position of Fig. 3, itbeing noted that the forward end of this blade is exposed to the pressure within passageway 44 when the blade is in its closing position (see 6). v

It will be understood that the pump plunger may be reciprocated a number of-timesto givey any desired pressure, within reasonable limits, within chamber 40. It will be evident that when valve is subsequent-ly opened, by a' firing mechanism such as that to be described, the air compressed within chamber 40 rushes through passageway 44 and is thereby directed against the projectile held by constriction 47 within barrel 46. However, without discussing the particular means here employed for opening valve 50, I will now proceed to a description of features having to do with the loading and locking provisions.

It may be first stated that the gun is adapted to be used either as a single shot piece or as a repeater, and the means I employ for preventing the loading of or an effective discharge of the piece except at predetermined times is effective whether the gun be used as a repeater or single shooter. I may also state at this time that certainof the elements whereby this loading and discharge locking are accomplished also have peculiar function connection with the cooking and firing of the piece when made in accordance with the present showing. However, these additional functions may be discussed tov better advantage at a later point, but the foregoing statement willmake it apparent that while I have shown unitary means having manifold function, it lies within the spirit of my invention' to provide individual means having these individual functions..

For the time being the piece may be considered as a single shooter, that is, adapted Ato be loaded by hand and directly through the muzzle of the shooting barrel for each shot. My safety provisions may be described` as means for closing the muzzle or shooting barrel 46 and positively keeping it closed while the plunger is being manipulated, it being possible to render this closing means ineiective only when the plunger is held stationary at a given point, preferably at the end of its work stroke. Even when it reaches this predetermined position, it requires wilful manipulation of the closing means to render it possible-to load or effectively discharge*v `aperture 114 through block 110 which aperture is in axial alinement with the bore of barrel 46.V Closure member 113 also functions as a transfer member when the gun is 'used as a repeater, but this feature will be described later, and at present bar 113 will be considered vmerely as means for selectivelyv closing and opening the muzzle of the shooting barrel. The opposite ends of bar 113 are provided with downward extensions 115 and 116, these extensions presenting inwardly facing shoulders 117a and 118, respectively, whichare adapted to engage the opposite sides ofl block 110 to establish the opposite limits of movement.

A plunger detent 117 is mounted for reciprocation in a reserve magazinerbarrel 118 which is-secured to barrel 15 and parallels barrel 46. A spring 119 acts between detent 117 and a barrier 120 inl lbarrel`118 toV urge` detent nose 121 into either notch 122 or 123 in bar 113, nose 121 registering with notch 122 when bar 113 is in the position of Figs. 11 and 12 and with notch 123 when bar 113 is in the position of F igs.v 1.0 and 13. The detent thus holds b-ar 113 releasably in either of its eX- treme positions, and extensions 115 and 116 may be considered as heads-whereby the bar Vmay be graspedfor manual movement.` Bar 113 has a transverse, through passageway 124 which is of `substantially the same diameter as the bore 46a of barrel 46 and the open-` ling 114 through block 110. Passageway 124 registers with bores 46a and 114'only when,k

'bar 113 is moved to the position of Figs. 10

.and 13, at` which time shot may' beri'ntroduced `to or delivered from barrel 46 throughfopenying 114.,v When the bar is in any othenposi'-V l f 134 and which isfvheld'inposition by a through e u .,tion, the V`muzzle of the shooting barrel is closed, lso no shot ymay vbe introduced there- .through orejected therefrom.

., I provide means,however,whereby'moveL `ment of lthe closure ba'r 113 to clearing posif tion, that is, to thepositionof Figsrl() and 13,is allowed onlyrwhen the plunger 74 is in a' given position, and then only when the plunger Vis stationary. For this purpose,.I

er provide extension v116 with an angular nose 125 which eXtendsin substantial parallelism withthebody. portion of bar 113 and projects throughapertures 126 and 127 in barrel `15 and ,plug 87, respectively. Aperture 'or Y.way y127 opens to the guideway 89 in plug 87,

'.pumprod 74having a transverse socketor aperture 1123 which is in register withv way i127 only when thel pump rodis at the end4 of Y its work strokefthe inward.` movementv or work strokeV of this rod being limited eitherr i l or? both by vthe engagementv of knob k 88 with .thev endl 'of-plug 87 and thejengagement of anfnular shoulder 7 9a on sleeve head 79 with the forwardendv-of.receiver 47 (Fig. 3)-, LIt fol low-s thatwhen the plunger is` at the end of itsfwork stroke, nose 125 may lbe projected` yinto or' withdrawnv from socket `128 by longi-v `tudinahin 'liovement ofbuar.113,but:when the A' vptt-SSageway i124 .into :registration with bores fullyl home. Converselypand for a reason to 'be later, ascribed, when member 113 is in the Y zljeof:barrel `46, plunger 74 cannot be recipiocated. A, l

' .ff-Since it y j as' a ,'repe'ater, I ,have provided magazines and pu'mpy'rod is at. any other position, nosef, 125 `prevents::the'movement of bar 113 from the position"V fFig. 12 'tothat ofFig113. '.Con-

sequently,l theV bar may be moved to bring 46d and`114only when the rod f74iis pushed V.position of Figs. and 13 `to clear the muz- Ais desirable that the gun be used means for transferring the shot one' byl one from these magazinesl toy theshootingbarrel, `'Though this isnotessential, lI preferably employtwo magazines, one, which-I will desigfY i natefgeneral'ly by numeral ,129, being termed Y anactive magazine,

' reserve magazinel For the timebeingfI will jrefejrx-fonly'i. to, the

V,113,then functioning lnot only asa safety `lock,-i`asv heretoforel described, but also functioningas altransfermember whereby transi barrel131 which is secured in any suitable rmanner tobarrel and is adjacent to and ',parallelsvshooting barrel 46. Adapted to bey sletten-11st weer@ @nd Ofbmfelll Mh@ and another,-which I will 'designate generally at 130, may be termed a 'active' magazine, .member left-hand. end of Figz)k is 'a magazine tube: Y

132, the vrearward end: of said ytubelbeing closed by a plug 133 which'hilsliknurled head locking .piny 135 which extends from' one side of'the tube whereby the plug. andA hence the' tube may be removably locked to barrel 131 by virtue of bayonet slot 1 36,.this being a slightly turned vin as at 139 toprevent ejector 137 fromY being pushed;` completely out of rkthe tube when no shotare held'therein, though'it usual construction. A sliding head` or ejec- 'tor 137 is mounted within tube 132, ejector yso will be understood the 'shot P may pass freely through this partially-closed end. .Y

In loading magazine 129,:tube 132 isiirst, rotated to clear, pin V135fromy thebayonet;` slot notch 140. and then withdrawn from bar-V rel 131. `Shot are then poured into barrel ing such as to justV yfill tubef132, allowing for compressing spring 138. With the tube then rotated to locked position, it willbevseen that spring 138 urges ejector,V 137 and hence the 'shot I? toward the 'rightinvFig 9.. Member y "-113 vis sofashioned thatwhen itis inthe po-H sition of Figs. n9,11 and12, at which timetheV lshooting barrel is closed therebyfanddetent 117 is entered in notch 122.*to hold th'e'mem- 131 in predetermined number, this number bei `ber releasably, opening 124is in registerwith Y' the open end of the tube 132, it-following that the leading shot will ybe urged by ejector 137 isjust takentherein.- f

. ics linto said openingVY 124. Preferably, member l 113 is of a thickness substantially equal to the diameter of the shot so that a single shot the position-of Figs. and;13,=the particular shot lwhich is within-opening V'124 thusbeing brought into register withthe muzzle of v'bar- -rel 46. Bythen inclining 'the barrelgprop-L Verly, the rshot will dropt'lintosai'd barrel and into constriction 47..' It wfllbe noted that this transfer and loading canbejaccomplished onlyv when the pumpplunger-.is at the en d lof l its workstroke. YAssumingthatthefgun then i y,

be discharged, transfermember L113 may then'. u

be reti'irnedto lthe position' of 9,' llzand i 12, -whe` r' `euponY ejector 137Qthrusts another l"shot into'openingf134. It willbe'xobserved ,y 'that n`ose125 holds rod 7 4 from being withdrawnV and therefore n prevents the re-com- V pression'ofair within chamber 40 Vuntil `mem-l Y ber 113k -hasbeen Vdr'awnto position which lcloses off the muzzle of the shooting barrel, a feature of obvious advantage.

Reserve magazine includes the reserve magazine barrel 118 into which a reserve magazine tube 141 is adapted to be thrust. The construction of tube 141 is substantially like that of tube 132, except that it is shorter and has no ejccting mechanism. It is adapted to be releasably locked in barrel 118 by means similar to that described in connection with tube 132, head 142 serving to move pin 143 into or out of locking engagement with barrel 118 through bayonet slot 144. The tube 141 is of a length to take just the right number of shot to lill tube 132 after spring 138 has been fully compressed. A detent, made up of a leaf spring 145 secured to barrel 118 at 146, has a nose 147 which extends through slot 148 in tube 118 and partially acrossthe end of tube 141. This nose may be cleared from the bore of b-arrel 118 by pulling outwardly on the finger grip 149. In loading the reserve magazine, tube 141 is unlocked and withdrawn and detent 145 is sprung outwardly to` clear nose 147 from the barrel bore. A predetermined number of shot, a number which will lill the space between barrier 120 and nose 147, is then poured into barrel 118 whereupon detent 145 is released. Nose 147 then extends across the bore of this barrel to prevent the shot from pouring out magazine has been exhausted, it is merely necessary to withdraw tube 132, then withdraw tube 141 and pour the shot from the lastnamed tube `into barrel 131, the measured quantity of shot being just right tok filltube 132 when it is subsequently re-introduced into the bore of barrel 131, as described above. The reserve magazine tube 14'1 is then returned to the position of Fig. 9, detent 145 is moved to clear nose 147 from the bore of -barrel 118, and the shot from this bore run into and fill tubev141, the tube thereby being in position to supply another measured quan- Y t-ity of shot to active magazine tube 132. This operation may be repeated until the supply of shot within barrel 118 is exhausted.

I will now describethe firing mechanism of the gun. First, however, it is desired to pointout that the essence of one phase of this invention, considered broadly, is to provide trigger controlled means for causing a sud# Shot in a number push rod 67 to open the firing valve, it will be` understood that my broader claims contemplate spring-actuated and trigger-,controlled p means for impinging upon the valve to open it suddenly irrespective of what element is propelled by the springer upon what element this propelled member acts. In other words,

the firing spring may be tensioned in any;

suitable manner, it may be released in any suitable manner, and it may act directly or indirectly upon the valve to open it suddenly. Or the firing mechanism may be considered as includinga cockable mechanism which is resiliently expansive to effect a sudden opening of the valve, said mechanism being triggercontrolled. l

In view of the above, it will be understood that the following description is given meref ly in order that a chosen embodiment 'of the inventionmay be clearly understood, from which understanding it may be readily apparent to those skilled in tha art howthe mechanism may be altered and yet give the j desired effect, though such alterations lie within the spirit and scope of myy broader claims.

The inner end 76 of pump rod 74 is tubular, having an axial bore-150 and a counterbore 151, there being an annular outwardly facing shoulder 152 at the junction ofthese two bores. The diameter of the bore 153 of sleeve 80is equal to the diameter of the alined counterbore 151 to which it opens. f I provide a firing fluo pin, generally indicated at 154 and shown in y elevation inl? ig. 16, which includes ahead or striker portion. 155 of relatively large diameter and an axial shank 156 ofrelatively small diameter, the shank having an elongated'slot 157 near its free end, and there being provided an annular, shoulder 158 at its opposite end. Shank 156 is taken with sliding fit within rod bore 150 while head or striker 155 is taken with sliding fit within sleeve bore 153. Aretention screw 159 extends lthrough rod 74 and slot 157 toholdthe rod and firing pin inassembly and to limit the relativeY longitudinal movement thereof.

' Due to the described pin andfslot connecl tion, it will be seen that the firingv in is mounted forlimited. movement longitudinal.-v ly with respect to rod 74 and also that said pin is longitudinally movable with the plunger through the barrel bore when the lost Amotion f betvveenfpinan'd rodv has been takenlfup.Y Vmain orvfiringsprmg 16() encircles shank-156 and is interposed between shoulders andv 15,8,.thus'tendingto Vhold the firing rpin and rod, Whichmay fbe considered as tel-escopical ly arranged, in their relatively extended posij tion,'as illustrated in Fig. 3, the end Wall 161 Y ofslot 157'. engaging "screvv 159 to limit the Y eXtentof thisrelative separativemovement,

- Y tively strong, being. ofveryinaterially greater strength than valve spring 61.A Y The strokeV of the lpinzand plunger. Y Spring-160 is relaof thejfiringpimunder'the influeneeofspring 160,is such vthat When-plunger 7 eis` atY the end of its Work stroke Fig. striker; or head s. Y 1.55 'extends through'fbore r71 a sucient dis-j tance 4to-hold push-rod 67 baclrfar enough to hold head 60 Well clear of-seat 49.' Y

v ffItrWillbe noted that striker 'head 155 and.

sleeve '80 are slidable through `receiver .bores 'i 1 and 7 2respectively, though the fit of-these -members isasuiiiciently,loosegto prevent the y VVbuilding'up of pressure Within the boresivvhen the plungeris lstroked inwardly. i p 'Mounted' foryertical reciprocation Within radial slot 1162 .of head 155 is a sear block 163.

' f-Ther searspring-lll, which is ada-ptedtoplay v in groove 165 at the underside of headl,

' iisA` terminally vanchored atone end166to the head 'and at itsother end entersa notch 167 in seare163g The. normal tendency of` spring f- 164fis te move'bloclr 163 downwardly; though -1 Fig'. 3 said-block is held fromA such. down# Wardmovement by reason'ofits 'eonta'ctvvith y Y Y Y 'i 8() andat apoint adjacent head 79 is ani aper ture, 168 which is of a sizeto take block 163' vsleeve 8O.;v Through. the lower side of; sleeve When theY plunger and striker are in givenV relative positions., As, Will be rhereinafter made apparent, aperture 168 presents a shoulf derf169 which faces head 7 9 and is adapted 'slotsY 172, 173 and 174 in Yreceiver'l 37 ivbarrel 'f 15, and cap175, respectively A (see Fig. 4);.

to. cfoactl 'With'sear163 ,releasably to prevent relativemovement betvveenmthe 'firing pin andY pumprod. -Henee, shoulder 169 Vmay be vtermed a rsearnshoulder. 'v Thefsear releasingrv mechanis'mwvhich is y operatively l connected VAto and controlled by `trigger 431, is indicated generally at 17 0. This mechanism includesa'plreleasing pin 171 which ismounted for vertieallreclprocation through Vf Cap175 is threaded into the bore or chamber `176of the boss 177 WhicheXtends downward- .p 171isalso utilized as a stem` forzarelief valvey Wherebyair' may be exhausted from between4 plunger Vhead 7.5 and'receiverr37 vunder cer-` ly fremreinforcing memberi20. Though thisv is notessential to the mechanism, release stein tainyeonditions. It 'will'4 be readily f under.-`

Y. stood that other elements might be used forv this purpose, lbut it isV ofadvantage toV comv bine them as illustrated in that it reducesthe number ofV .Workingl parts,jsinee actuation of the release pin' serves both to free the sear and in the same figure.

to openthe valve. Furthermore, the pin may be lconsidered as automatically opening the valve when itis actuated .for Sear-releasing t purposes. Y Y Y Y I Y .V

The fit of sleeve 8O Within counterborej72 and theclearance betvveenpin 171 andthe members through Whichrit slides, is such that there yWould normally be allowed passage of air from between receiver 37 and plunger 79 to the atmosphere at cap^175,or vice versa. However, *onv stem171 is` provided a valve head 17 8, preferably havingvfafwasher 17 9 adapted to engage annular valve seat 180 on` cap; 17 5 when the p1n-171 is in its l'ovvermost position (Figs. 4'16 and :Oni-the other hand, Whenpin 171 is raised from this posi-r` tioni(Fig.`3) vthe valve head is lifted fro'rnv the seat and passage of air through thepreviously describedppath"is-allowed. This valve fea'-V turev isprovided forthe following purposes. Assume that the' kplunger has been Ystroked severaltimes until the pressure Withincham.- Y i' ber-ellis such that the'operator is unableto complete the last ivOrlCStrOke, it following that the plunger cannotbe moved to a positionA allowing effective discharge of the gun, for

reasons given above. lt thenbecomes neces-y sary'to relieve thepressme between valve 50y v Y andthe plunger inorder toallovv sai'dplunger to be moved tothe end of its vvork stroke and this ymay be accomplished by suflicent *upl Wardmovement of pin 171 tounseat valve 178 'Y froincap v175, such unseating--be'in'g'accom#Y Yplis-hed by inovementjof the trigger,- asvvill V be hereinafter described, f though beforeV said pin had been movedsufficien'tly to Vcarry it 'to vent 181' (Fig. 11) forobvious reasons;

1f and trigger 31eonsists ofja lever 182 Y i which, is pivoted approximately centrallyu at 183'tothe formarms 184 of lug- 23jl One end of lever 182y isfsomevvhat loosely connected at 185l topin'or'stem 171', While the free end 1786 of the lever is disposed beneath Vthe nose35 of trigger 31 (Fig. 2) .Y Mounted withinlug V' 23 is a plunger '187 yvvhichfis pressedby'spring '188'in afmannertendingftoV rotate lever Y 182 ina clockvvisedirection (Fig. 3) thus tending to hold `'stem 171-dovvn in the-position of Fig. 7 and to lhold'valve17 9 closed, as shown A t the Sametime, the tendency ofy the Vsprin'giagainst the'lever isto Lrotate trigger.V 31 from the Vfulljline position of Fig. y2 to dotted line/position, being re# membered that the y'description lof Fig. 2 Vspecifiesthat the trigger is shown in full lines inthe position to which it is put by linger,

pressure and as though such linger pressure had not been released. It follows that pin 171 and valve 178 are shown in Fig. 3 in the positions they occupy before finger pressure is released from the trigger, it being evident that as soon as this pressure is relieved, lever 182 is rotated by the plunger spring in a manner to move trigger 31 to the dotted line position of Fig. 2 and to move stem 171 and valve 179 to the positions of Fig. 7. It will be noted that when the trigger is pressed back to the position of Fig. 2 an-d the pump plunger is fully home, the end or nose 189 of release pin 171 is entered in aperture 168 and that its upper end is flush with the inner peripheral wall of sleeve bore 153.

A cocking block 190 is mounted for vertical reciprocation through slot 191 in receiver 37, said slot opening at one end to receiver bore 71 and at the other end to a recess 192 in the underside of the receiver, said recess eX- tending to pin 171. A lever 193'for actuating block 190 is centrally pivoted to the receiver at 194, one end 195 of said lever overhanging the upwardly facing shoulder 196 formed on pin 171 by cutting away its upper end. The other end of the actuating lever eXtends between the fork ends 197 of block 190 (Fig. 3a), and is forked to take between its fork arms 198 and 199 a cross pin 200 which eX- tends between and is mounted in block arms 197. The upper end of block 190 is notched as at 201 to provide a shoulder 202 which faces toward the open end of bore 71. Fork arm 198 is somewhat elongated and is engaged from beneath by the free end of spring 203 which plays within recess 192 and is anchore'd to the receiver at its other end 204. The normal tendency of spring 203 is to swing lever 193 in a clockwise direction (Fig. 3) the lever thus tending to move block 190 upwardly and to project its end into bore 71. However, in the position of Fig. 3, the block is held down against the action of spring 203 bot-h by reason of head 155 occupying bore 71 and by reason of shoulder 196 on stem 171 holding lever 193 against clockwise movement.

While it is not essential to the invention, it is preferable that there be provided a safety lock whereby the trigger is held from movement to iiring position until wilful action is taken by the user. Such a safety device is shown in Figs. 3, 4, 6, 7 an'd 8, where 1t will be seen that a safety bolt or bar 205 is mounted forA horizontal reciprocation through chamber 19 and immediately beneath lever 182. The ends of the bar are slidably mounted inside walls 17 and 18, and the bar is provided with stop members 206 and 207 adapted to Contact with the side walls to limit the strokethereof. A spring pressed 'detent 208 is adapted selectively to enter notches 209 and 210 to hold the bar releasably against movement from either of its extreme positions. When this bar is in the position of Figs. 4, 6, 7 and 8 it contacts with the underside of lever 182, and.l therefore prevents counterclockwise movement of said'lever, as viewed in Fig. 4, and movement of trigger 31 from dotted to full line position in Fig. 2. However, when bar 205 is shifted to its other eXtreme, the upwardly opening barnotch 211 is brought beneath lever 182 and sufficient counterclockwise movement of the lever, as viewed in Fig. 4, is allowed to actuate the sear release mechanism. In Fig. 3 the bar is indicated as having been moved to this unlocked or releasing position. The bar is of such length that one or the other end thereof always projects somewhat beyond the side walls of housing or casting 14 so it may be accessible for manipulation.

In describing the operation of the gun, it willfirst be assumed that the mechanism is in the condition of Figs. 2, 3, 10 and 13, that is, that the piece has just been fired and finger pressure has not as yet been taken from the trigger. Vhen the trigger is subsequently released plunger 187 rotates lever 182 in a manner to shift trigger 31 to the 'dotted line position of Fig. 2 and to draw stem 171 down to the Vposition ofy Figs. 4, 6 and 7, though lever 193 and block 190 still remain in the positions shown in Fig. 3. The lowering of stem 171 seats valve 178. The next operation is to shift bar 113 to the position of Figs. 9, 11 and 12, thus clearing nose 125 from pump rod 74, it being realized that reciprocation of the pump plunger cannot be set up until this shifting of member 113 has been eected. This Vmovement of the bar member immediately closes the muzzle of barrel 46 to prevent shot from entering or being ejected from barrel 46, as described above, and also puts opening 124 in'alinement with active magazine tube 132 .to receive a new charge.

Knob 88 is then grasped and the plunger withdrawn or pulled through its intake stroke, it being evident that such withdrawal acts through screw 159 to cause coincident withdrawal of firing pin V154. Fig. 4 illustrates the position of parts after the rod has been moved sufficiently to clear striker head 155 from push rod 67, it following that spring 61 has effected the closure of the firing e valve. The point may be made at this time that the single valve 50 functions both as an inlet and outlet valve for chamber 40, it being an obvious advantage to have a single valve with dual function.

As piston head 75 is thus withdrawn, valve head 178 may be drawn upwardly slightly against the action of spring 188 to admit a new charge of air to the pump barrel.

As soon as the plunger has been withdrawn sufficiently to carry the free end of striker 155 past cooking block 190, spring 203 acts against lever 193 to rotate it in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. .4, said lever thereby being shifted t0 the positionV of Fig. 6 to project the upperend of said block'into bore 71, the opposite end of the leverengaging 'the shoulder 196 of stem 171, However, it

will be understood that blade v100 is not moved to the position of Fig. 6 until a later stage in the cycle.

After the plunger has been withdrawn sufficiently to admitthe desired charge of air bethrough its work'stroke a suiiicient distance' to carry the free end of striker155 into engagement with shoulder 202 of cooking block 190,` it being realized that during this'work stroke the mainspring 160 has been yieldably holding the plunger and ring pin in relatively extended positions.v lVhile Fig. 6 shows blade 103 in cut-off position and shows valve 50 as being opened, it will be realized that the moment inward movement ofthe plunger head ceases, valve 50 closes and the cut-off returns to normal position to clear passageway 111.

' vFurther inward movement of the plunger serves to cock the firing pin, and Yordinarily this operation occurs by pushing the plunger clear in during the first pumping stroke. However, it will be realized that' the plunger may be withdrawn from the position of Fig. 6 and may be reciprocated to and from this position to set up the predetermined pressure within chamber i0 without cooking the piece, the cocking being done during any chosen work stroke. How-ever, it is preferable to perform the cooking operation during the iirst pumping stroke, since this operation includesthe compression of the relatively stiff firing spring and it is much easier to compress this when there is comparatively little builtrup pressure within chamber 40. If the cocking operation be delayed, it will be seen that the operator not only has to overcome the tension of spring 160 but also has to work against considerable built-up air pressure.

Therefore, it will be assumed that during the first work stroke the plunger has been moved to the position of Fig. 6 and that in ward pressure is continued against rod 74. Since cooking block 190 prevents further inward movement of the firing pin, it is evident that the rod must be moved longitudinally with relation to said pin, that is, sleeve must move forwardly over striker 155. During this relative movement, the main spring 160 is compressed between shoulders 152 and 158. As soon as there hasbeen sufficient telescopic movement between the plunger rod and tiring pin to bring sleeve aperture 168 into line with sear block 163, spring 164 acts to throw this sear block downwardly into aperture 168, as shown in Fig. 7, the firing pin thus being releasably locked in cocked condition. While vthe downward movement of block 163 may be limited in any suitable manner, I have here indicated this limit as being established by the contact of spring 164 with sleeve 30. The plunger is then reciprocatet to build up any desired pressure, within reasonable limits, within chamber 40, the tiring pin remaining in cocked condition during this reciprocatiomsince no relative longitudinal movement occurs between the plunger and firing pin. Throughout reciprocation of the plunger, rod 74 is held from rotation, as described above, so the firing mechanism always returns to the receiver inproper position. Now in order that sear block 183 may be released to re the gun, it is necessary that it be brought into vertical alinement with re? lease pin 171, 'and the only time atwhich this alinement is possible is when the plunger is clear at the end of its work stroke, here determined by the contact of head shoulder '129 with the end of receiver 37,'thoughit will be vunderstood this limit establishment may be made by contacts other than those specified. It has also been pointed out that the lgun cannot be loaded nor eif-ectively discharged until member ,113 has been shifted to the position of Figs. 1,0 and13, and that this shift can only be made when thev plunger is at the end of its work stroke.: Therefore,when member 113 is shifted in order to load vandunlock the piece the plunger is locked in such position that it is assured that pin 171 is in alinement with sear block '163. It will be seen'that member 113 is `adapted ,to hold the parts in a' manner to maintain'this alinement even though the gun be shifted to a position where there would otherwise be a tendency to allow the plunger to move from this particular position. If for any reason the operator fails to shift member 113 in a manner teclear thc shootingfbarrel and lock the plunger and then attempts toshoot the' gun it will bel seen that the muzzle kbore is so intercepted by member 113 that even though the `shooting barrel has been previously loaded, release of the firing pin will not cause an effective dischargeof thegun.- On the other hand, if member 113 has not been shifted to clear thc barrel and to lock the plunger and the plunger has movedrsomewhat from the end ofits work stroke, it will be seen that since the sear block is then no longer in register' with the release pin, trigger movement is'ineli'ective to ire the gun. 1t will be seen that member 113 may be' considered as means for definitely locatingthe positionto'which the plunger must be' put before* the gun can be llt speed and power.

`moves the nose 189 of fired, in other words, `if the operator attempts to shift member 113 to the position of Fig. 13 and finds he is unable so to do, he is warned that the plunger must be moved from that position in order to render the iring-pin-release mechanism effective.

Now assuming that the mechanism has been put to the position of Fig. 7 and that there is a desired pressure withinchamber 40, member 113 is moved to the position of Figs. 10 and 13 `to clear the vmuzzleof' barrel 46 and allow the loading thereof as described above, the shot P finally lodging in the posi-y tion of Fig. 7. Finger pressure on the trigger then rotates lever 182 in a counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 7 and moves pin.

to take up before he: starts the effective.

squeeze The advantage of this feature will be readily recognized'by those skilled in the art. Further pressure on the trigger pin 171 upwardly through sleeve aperture 168, block 163 being pushed ahead of it and out of said aperture. As soon as the release pin has moved the sear block to a position where its lower end is flush with the bore-defining wall of sleeve 80,k or, in other words,'as soon as the sear is cleared from the sear shoulder 169, spring 160 is effective to project the firing pin forcibly to the left andto the position illustrated in Fig. 3. The sudden release of the firing pin thus allows striker 155'to impinge upon the end of push rod 67 forcibly and suddenly, thus causing a quick openingof firing valve and allowing a sudden rush of air from chamber 40 f through passageway 44 and against projectileAP, the latterthus being ejected from the shooting barrel .with great Thus, sudden release of the compressed air is effected without pulling or jerking the trigger.

v It will be noted that due to the entrance of pin nose 189 into sleeve aperture 168 at the time of sear release, said nose is effective lin preventing other than limited retract-ive movement of sleeve 8() and hence rod 74 when the main spring acts to cause relative eXtension between the rod and liring pin. While I may depend upon nose 189ufor performing .this function, preferably, main dependence is had `upon the locking nose 125 of member v113. That is, the engagement of this nose 125 with the pump rod positively prevents retraction of said rodunder the influence of the firing spring, vand pin 171 need not therefore be depended upon to assume thisburden.

The relief of this strain from the releasing pin is of obvious advantage, though it willy be understood the utilization of the pin for chamber, a shooting barrel associated with` the chamber andi adapted to take a projectile, a pump for building `'up air pressure within said chamber, a firing valve adapted to be opened to release the compressed air from said chamber for action to eject the projectile from said barrel', cockable means adapted'to be released from cocked condition to exert sudden opening pressure on the valve, trigger-release mechanism for holding the cockable means in cocked condition; and an operative connection between said pump and said cockable means whereby lselective operation of said pump cocks said cockable means.

2. In an air gun having an air compression chamber, a pump barrel associated with the chamber, a pump plungeradapted to` be re-l ciprocated throughthe barrel to build up air pressure Within the chamber, a shooting barrel associated with the chamber and adapted to take a projectile, a firing valve adapted to I be opened to release the compressed air from said chamber. for action to eject the projectile from the shooting barrel, a ycockable firing pin, an operative connection'between.said

plunger and said pin whereby axial-'moves ment of the plunger in one direction cocks the firing pin, and trigger-release mechanism for the firing pin, said firing pin, when released from'cocked position, being adapted to effect a sudden opening of the valve.

3. In an air gun having vanfair compression chamber, a pump barrel yassociated with the chamber, apump plunger adaptedto be f reciprocated through the barrel to. buildup air pressure within the chamber,a shooting barrel associated with the chamber andl adapted to take a projectile, a firing valve adapted to be opened to release the compressed air' from said chamber for action vto eject the projectile from the shooting barrel, a cockable firing pin carried by the plunger and adapti ed to be cocked by virtue of plungerreciprocation, and trigger-release mechanism'for the iring pin,'said firing pin, when released from cocked position, being adapted to effect va sudden opening of thevalve. f' 4. In an air gun having an laincom'pression chamber, a pump barrel associated with the chamber, a pump plunger adaptedv to be rec-iproj'cated? through?V theba'rrel' to build -upfv a'ir .lpressunefiwitliin; theseliamber, va shootingK barre'l'associated-KWiththechambenandadapt? *K ed tottakefza projectile, a,iringfralvefadapteda to be opened: ,tozireleas'erthe compressed fair flo:

. ejlectlthfe'- projectile-.from:the'shootingbarrel;y

from saidchamberfor .action `to eject the prodirection under the linfluence ofthe :spri-ng': 1

' Vifnganairgun an airffcompres-L sionjchamber., :apump ybarrety associated. with thezcharnberga pump.fplungerfadapted yto be reciprocatedithrough the barrel #to fbnil'd up ,K n air pressureV Withinai thev chamber, T,a shoot-i ing.' bai-"rel` associated Withfvfthe chamberand i adaptedftotake ar.proj;ectile,a yiiringvalve I yadaptedrtogbefopenedt'ogfrelease.the'-co1n:

pressed.'airromv'saidrchamber,for action Ato iringfpin carried bythe plunger 'tor'limitedmovement With-*respectthereto, afspring adapted-yieldingly; toipressK .the Kpinf-toward i one li'initp its.finove'ment4 withirespectto the plunger gl'said '-pin :.beingf adapted; tolbe' moved agaifnstfthe faction. of said spring to:` cocked i positinbyNirtueifoA plungermovement injv vone"direction, and .triggerLconKtrolled means fon relefasabKlKy-ehold-ing said pin in .cocked 'p05 movement' in th'ei opposite direction A'under the y Kitedi'gniovement'with' respect-thereto, a spring" i ad-apttegilr,yiel-'dingly'` toiA Tpress :thepin toward one@v limitV O` itsfLniornementswithY respect i to" :f anKfairI-lgun'fxhaving anI air lcompression 1 chamber, Ka-:pump'b arrel associated with be'reciprocated through ithebarrel 'tofbuild l up air pressure''wi'thi'n'the` chamber,-afsKhootl r ing=barrel"fassociate'dfwith theichamber and adKaptediy to ltakexfa proj ectile,Y a Valve toil be'r` opened rtorelease the a com@ press .ej ect the lproj eetil'e; from the "shooting barrel,

a'iiiiringgpin; carried by the .plunger f orflim-,l

, 'l the; f :plungerfyfgmeans: :fori -movingf-- the!l 'pin i againstth'e,actionofsaid spring,Y to cocked Y position, andtriggerJ-controlled 'means forre-v f it by movementin fthe opposite directionvun-f f l'easably' holdingisa-idffpin: in` 'cocked position,

y'sa'idlp'inIbeing'effectiiie, v'when released Yfrom K cocked aposition",'to:y strike 1 saidfi'ralve to; open s derithefinfluen'ce@ofthe springe 1 L f Iii-an air; gun` rh'aving'an air compres-1V sion tchamberf, a -ipump barrelv associatedV with i-rfromf said chamberfor-laction to Y www@ thecharnber, a pumpplunger;adaptedto-.be 1 'i l Y airlpressure Within the chambenia shooting;V f barrelv associated` :Withfgthe chamber` andyI adapted l to -take f a proj ectile, f ring 'val-re adapted to bel` opened Vto (release -thenzconif pressedj'airJ-rom said chamber or'actionto y Y. elect the :projectile rcmth'e shootingbarrel,- K afi'iringpin" carriedby the plunger-for' limited movement 1 f with;` respect Y thereto ,f i' a spring adapted yi'eldingly ,to press the Ypin toward 'Y onelimit of :its movementjwitli respect tothe plunger; said pin being adapted to be ymoved.

against thefaction ofl .said spring tolcocked,

position t`by;` virtue .a ofvv Yplunger 4=mweme'fnt-l 'in one; direction, ,trlggerfcontrolledf means@ for releasably holding said pini inI cocked:posif` K `siel from (coclndfposition-,ft to :openl` saidvalize by.

movementfin the opposite direction under the Vinuenceofthespring, andreleasable means: y Y

for holf'lin'grthe lplunger from movement in the opposite--direction when -sai'd'pin isV cocked..

`8. VI'nanai'r` gun havingan air compression Y Y chamber, a. pumpe barrelv :associated 'Witlr'ithe chamber, aspump'plunger,Y adapted-L to` berepressure Within .the chamber, a shooting"bar-f'` relgsas'sociated .wi-thlthe' chamberand adapted!` K 95 i to talea projectile, aring `valvole, adapted .to

be-,epene'd to release the.compressedairziromy saidch-ambe'rrfor actionqtofejectftheyprojecet .i

tilefroin theshoot-ingbarrel, a iringpingcarl. K ri'edf'g; bythe, .plunger Y for f' limited movement? Wi'thfrespect thereto,`V a5 springfadapted yielded ingly'to press ythe pinltowardwloneflimit O its movement With'respect tov the: plunger g@ said Y pin'being adapted to'gbemoyed againstithe action lotsaid yspring to; cockedpositionV {byvvirtue 'of plunger movement'in one`direction', K

trigger-controlledmansforreleasablyhold King 'saidpin in coclred position, saidypinV K being efi'ectii`7e,?when released fromacockedf YK K position, to open' said Valve bymoveme'nt in;l v the opposite direction under; :the influencent the spring; and "releasable means `Ee'li'ective? fon u' holding ftlie'f plunger .ironia movement in-inthe.

gunhaving IKangai-r'compr'ession v chamber, a.: pumpv barrel associated vv/Kithfthev f.

chamber, a 'pump-:plunger adapted tojybe' reefV ciprocated through the'barrelto buildl upv air,

pressure-Withinftlie chamber,I iashooting barrelfasso'ciatedvwith the chamber and adapted to 4take afprojectild` a liringgvalve` adapted. to bey opened to release" the compressed air` 'from said chamber `for 'actiontofej ect `therprojectile troni:- the shooting barrel",zar :firing pin car-v ried by; the."v plunger forl limitedA movement with respect-fthereto,` fazspring adap ted"'yield inglyltoj press *the pin'ftoward `one Llimit of its movement @with respeeti tou the plunger l;

saidfpin being; adapted itOilOe; movedsa'gainst n theiaction: ofgz said 'springfIto-eocked, position by virtue of vplunger movement in one direction, trigger-controlled means for releasably holding said pin in cockedposition, said pin being effective. when released from cocked position, to opensaid valve lby movement in the opposite direction underl the influence of the spring, and releasable means for holding the plunger from movement in the opposite direction when said pill, is cocked, said lastnamed means also being effective to close said shooting barrel When the plunger is being move 1Q., In an air gun having an air compression chamber, a pump barrel associated with' the chamber, a pump plunger adapted to be reciprocated through the barrel to build up air pressure Within the chamber, ashooting barrel associated with the chamber and adapted to take a projectile, a tiring valve adapted to be opened to release the compressed air from said chamber `for action to eject the projectile from the shooting barrel, a tiring pin carri/ed by the plunger for limited movement with respect thereto, a spring adapted yieldingly to press the pin toward 01516 limit of its movement With respect to the plunger ;l said pin being adapted to be moved against the action of said spring to cocked pestea by virtue ef plunger movement in one direction,trigger-controlled means for releasably `holding said pin in cocked position, said pin being effective, when released from cocked position, to open said valve by movement in the opposite direction under the inllnence of the spring, and releasable means for holding the plunger from movement when it is in a predetermined position, said last-mentioned means also being effective to close the shooting barrel when the plunger is in any other position.

l1. In an air gun having an air compression chamber, a shooting barrel associated with the chamber and adaptedto take a projectile,- means for building up airrpressure Within said chamber, a single valve adapted to open to admit air under pressure to the chamber and adapted to be opened against such pressure tol release the compressed air from said chamberv to eject the projectile from y barrel, air pressure means for opening vthe valve tc admit air to the chamber, and

means for opening said valve so to release the compressed air.

1 2. In an air gun having an air compressien ell-amber, e` sheeting barrel associated with the Chamber end adapted te tekee pre'- ieetile; ,Ineens for building ,up air Pressure within said chambena single valve adapted t0 @Een te admit air under pressure te the and adapted to be opened against sueh. pressure te release the'eempressed .sir

filete seid"ebaml-eer te ejeet. Ythe preeetle teeelsad barrel, and spring-propelled means greening seid telve. so to release the'eem- Pressed,

adapted to be reciprocated through the barrelY to build up air pressure Within a compression chamber provided inthe gun and associated with the shooting barrel, said means being movable to open'the shooting barrel only when the plunger is kin predetermined position. A

14;; In an airrille, a shooting barrelbmeans movable selectively to-open andY close said shooting barrel, a pump barrel, a plunger adapted to be reciprocated through the barrel to build up air pressure Within a compression chamber provided in the gun and associated With the shooting barrel, said means being movable to open the shooting barrel only when the plunger is at the end of its Work stroke. I

15. In an air gun having an air compression chamber, ashooting barrel associated With the chamber and adapted to take a prol jectile, a pump barrel associated With the chamber, a reciprocable pump plunger mov-V able through the pump barrel for building up air pressure Within said chamber, a liring valve adapted to be opened to, release the compressed air from said chamber for action to eject the projectilefrom said barrel, cockable means adapted to. be released tem cocked condition to exert sudden opening pressureon the valve, means for cocling said vcockable means, trigger-release Vmechanism for holding the cockable means in cocked condition; trigger means fer releasing seid meehanism,said trigger means being'lelective to release the heldng Ymeans only when seid plunger is moved to a predetermined position Within its barrel.v 1,6. In an air rifle having an air compressie chamber and a pump barrel associated there- With, a plunger movable throughthe vbarrel to compress air Within the chamber, anormally closed relief'valve adaptedy to be opened to relieve. eil? `Pressure built up eetweeeV the chamber 'and-plunger, arshooting barrel associated With the compression chamber and adaptedtotake a projectile, a tiring valve adapted to be opened Vto release compressed i air from said chamber for action to ejectgthe Preieetle from the sheeting barrel, means vfor openingsaid ling valve, trigger mechanism controllingI said opening means, and an Operative connecties between said meeheasm and said rehei:` valve wherebyv selective trigg ger .monement is 'adapted to Vopen said relief Y valve- 17,111 an air barrel to compress air Within the chamber, a reliefyvalve adapted to be opened to relieve air pressure bultup between the chamber and pluggen e sheeting barrel, esseeieted with Y ride having en eempres- .slee ellemleer and e. pump barrel esseeeted! therewith,4 a plunger movable through the -"the compression'clianiber and adapted tortake a'rprojeetilepa firing valve adapted tobe V'opened tov release compressed airjfrom'said chamber fory action-r toc-jectk therh projectile ,from tlieshootingbarrel, means for opening o said lfirin'gjvalve, triggermechanism control-jV y Y fling said "opening means, and :jan operative Connection between saidfmeclianism 'and 'said l 10, valve ,beingl adapted to Vopen automatically l K Whenthe plunger lis drawn through its intake wstroke. #l f .f 4 Y18. Inanair gun having, an air ,compres- Vsion chamber, a Shooting 'barreli associated f ivith the chambervandfadapt'ed to take a pro? relief` valve whereby said mechanism normal'- ljf holds` said relief valve closed, said relief jectilefa pump barrelfas'lsociated y'vi/ith'-` chamber, a vreciproc'alole 'pumppl'uiiger" move i Y abietiirougii the pump-"bami for banding up air pressure Within lsaid chamber, a firing I valve" adapted to be opened toreleasethe 'coin-v Yfeo.

being f-'relativelv'movable into' and'"oiitfofl s pressed air from said'chamber 'for action to eject .,theprojectile` from saidbarrel, cockable l jn'ieans` adapted to'be'released freni-cocked condition to exert siidden"` opening lpressiire "onlthe valve,fmeans yforcooking?said coclrable jineans, 'trigger-release mechanism for vholdving'thef'cockalole meansinrcocked condition,`

and tifiggei yiii'eans 'releasing saidv mechanisnn'gaid mechanism' and said triggerm'eans operativeassociation; 1'* o Y '19, lIn an air gun having an aircompres,M

;sion- ,chamber,y a shooting barrel'L associated lwith the cliamb'e'r andl adapted to take a proi chamber, a reciprocablepump plunger 'mov-v ableY through the pump barrel for building up air pressure Within saidv chai'i'iber, a? firing valve adapted to be opened to releasetlie KAcoin- `'pressed `airfrom said chamber v'oraction to eject the projectile from said barrel, co'clablef i Ymeans;adapted tof/bvereleasedffrom ycocked predetermined 'positionV Withinfitshb'arrel. j

, sion chambenfa shooting. barrel associated Y ivith the' chaniberfand adaptedftotfakea pro'-l 'jee-tile,` -a' -pump associated with tlie ychairmen,

il reciprocable fpnmp C plunger [movable through the pump'v barrel for building upA airy 'pressure Within vsaid chamber, a liring "valves i adapted? lto be 'fopeiiedj yto vrelease 'the 'i corn *pressed air 'from said 'chamber for 'action to o V'eject theF projectile from said'r barrel, cock-V f 'able means adapted V'to bereleased4 from cooked 'condition to exerts'u'ddenVV opening pressure 'on f 2; In an air gun-havingan r chamber, a shooting barrel associated with they chamber and;adaptedtoftake y,a projec-V 'tile, a pump barrel associated Withthejcliamel ing the cockable means in cockedcondition,

triggermeans for releasing" said mechanism,

Y v v Y 57o Y ing relatively movable into and out of operai vtive association and being in operative asso-,

said mechanism Yand saidk trigger 'means beciationv only when said plunger isinoved'to a 'predetermined position Within. its barre'lgjand means movable; to and lfrom apositionfolosing said shooting barrel,saidv last "named means being movable romsaid position only VWhen said'pl-unger 1s in said'predetermlned 'POSiOni .o 2l.- In vair gun havingan air' compres- 'sion `-chaniber, a shooting'-barrel'fassociated the valve, means Vforl oockingisaid 'f'zockable `means,trigger-release; mechanism or'hold- Caz With'the. chamber and adaptedfto'take apro-*j je'ctile,r a pump]V barrel* associated* 'Witln'the chamber, a reciprocab-le pumpr plunger mov'- *able' through the pumpb'arrelfior building. iip air pressurefvvithin said fcli'anibe'aliring yvalveadaptedto vbe opened'to release the com# l pressed aiifroin said chamber foraction toY l v "eject the projectile from said barrel, Ecoelabl'e 11 me'ans adapted fto be released :fromv "cocked -fcondition toy exert sudden Yopeningpressure on* the val-ve, meansgoforvcocking saidfcockw abler means, trigger-'release 'ineclia'nism'-4 for holding` the cockable meansinfeoc ke'd c'ondi-l tion, and trigger meansl for. 'releasing said 'meclianism,;` said trigger means gbeing effec'- tive to releasethe vholdingn'iieans only vvheny said plunger' isinovedfto apredetermined .position Witliinitsfbarrel. f

air compression ber, a reciprocab-le. pump plunger movable` Y through the pump barrel for llouildingiip air pressure ivithinsaid chambeiffa iring valve adaptedto beop'ened to release, the compressed airffro'm said Chamber forao'tiontoeject the projectile from said barrel, coclable means adapted to be release-d from cocjkedcondition Vto eigert sudden opening pressure on the valve,

-niea'nsfor cooking said cockab-le means-,-trigy ger-releasemechanism yfor holdingitlie coc-lr- 5able ineaiisin lcocked Vcondition andl'trigger means for' releasing'sa-id mechanism, .said trigger means being feifectiv'e'torelease the ,holding Vmeans only When said VYplunger :is` Vmoved to al predeterminedposition Within' its barrel; and meansV movable to and roma Y positi'onelosingx said shooting" barrel, said last named means being movable fromk said position only when 'said lplunger in l said 'l o Y o. l

Ipredetermined zp0sitio'n. i.

@3Q Inlanair rifle, a shootingibarrehmeaiis .movable *selectively to open f and l close *'Isaid;

shooting .,barrel, a puiinpl barrel,af plunger .Y adaptedto'be reciprocatedthroughthbarrel, j i

,Y to buildup airpressure v vithin'a compression chamber' provided in the gunand associated with the shooting barrel,said pliii'igerb'ei;ngiv

lee? "f l'll V:averses heldfrom movement through its work stroke when said means is in a position leaving said shooting barrel open.

24. In an air rifle, a shooting barrel, means movable selectively to open and close said shooting barrel, a pump barrel, a plunger adapted to be reciprocated through the` barrel to build up air pressure within a compression chamber provided in the gun and associated with the shooting barrel, said means engaging the plunger to hold it from movement through its work stroke when said means is in a position leaving said shooting barrel open.

25. In an air gun having an air compression chamber, a pump for building up air pressure within the chamber, a shooting barrel associated with the chamber and adapted to take a projectile, a firing valve adapted to be opened to release the compressed air from said chamber for action to eject the projectile from the shooting barrel, a cockable firing pin, means for cooking the pin, trigger-release mechanism for the iiring pin, said iiring pin, when released from cocked position, being adapted to eifect a sudden opening of the valve; and means movable to and from a position closing said shooting barrel, said pump being eective to build up air pressure in said chamberA only when said means is in a position closing said barrel.

26. In an air rifle having an air compression chamber, a pump for building up air pressure in said chamber, a shooting barrel, a shot magazine; means adapted to be' moved to transfer shot from said magazine to the shooting barrel, and means associated with said transfer means and said pump to render said pump ineifective while said transfer means is being so moved.

27. In an air rifle having an air compression chamber, a pump for building up air pressure in said chamber, a shooting barrel, a shot magazine; means adapted to be moved to transfer shot from said magazine to the shooting barrel, and means associated'with said transfer means and said pump to hold said transfer means from being so moved when the pump is being operated. n

28. In an air gun having an air compression chamber, a shooting barrel connected to said chamber, a pump, there being an air delivery passageway for air from said pump to said chamber, and a member movable selectively to positions closing ofi said shooting barrel from said chamber and closing off said passageway.

29. In an air gun having an air compression chamber, a shooting barrel connected to said chamber, a pump, there being an air delivery passageway for air from said pump'to said chamber, and a member movable selectively to positions closing off said shooting barrel from said chamber and closing ofll said passageway, means normally and yieldingly holding said member inf a position to close off said passageway, Aand said member bein-g moved to vclose olf the shooting barrel by virtue of the delivery of air from the pump.

30. In an air rifle, a barrel, a receiver in,

the bore of the barrel, there being an aircompression chamber at one side of` said receiver and an air pass-age from theother side of the receiver to the chamber, a plunger in the bar'- rel bore at 'said other side of the receiver and4 adapted to be r'eciprooated therethrough to build up air pressure in the chamber, a. valve adapted to be opened to release compressed air from said chamber, a firing pin carried by said plunger and movable limitedly longitudinally with respect thereto, a firing spring adapted to urge said pin in one direction longitudinally with respect to the plunger, a cocking block movable into androut of the reciprocatory path ofthe firing pin, meansI normally holding said block in said path, said block being` so located that it is engaged by said pin to hold it against movement in said one direction when the plunger is moved in that direction and thus set up relative longitudinal movement of the plunger and firing pin, a Sear block movable to a position holding said plunger and pin against subsequent relative movement under the influence of said spring, and trigger means for subsequentlyl wards and away from said valve, a firing pin4 carried by said rod and movable limitedly longitudinally with respect thereto, a iiring spring adapted to urge said pin in one direction longitudinally with respect to the rod, a

cooking block movable intoand out of thev reciprocatory path of the firing pin, means normally holding said block in said path, said block beingso located that it is engaged by said pin 'to hold it against movement in said one direction when the rod is moved in thatdirection and thus set up relative longitudinal movement of the rod and firing pin, a sear block movable to a position holding said rod and pin against subsequent relative move-v ment under the influence of said spring, and" trigger means for subsequently moving said sear block and said cooking block out of holding position, said spring being then freed toV move the pin with respect to the rod into forcible engagement wit-h said valve to open it.

32. In a reserve shotmagazine for an air rifle, a shot barrel applied to the rifle and beingclosed at one end and open at the other,

said barrel being adapted to take shot within its bore, a member movable to and from a poston of projection into ,the boreof the barslorOctober 1927.* Y f .Y Y

" f A "JEAN B. COURENQ.`

Yrelai', apont spaced from its Closed end, and 1 a magazine tube open at one'end and Closed Y Y lat the other, said tube being releasablyheld Ii'to the rifleV with its open end n position yto receive shot from ythe' shot barel wheny said j o membes moved clear of the barrel bore. *I 'Inwtnessthat I Claim the foregong''have hereunto Subser'bedmy name this ithdayof i9 eso .01 y u v. I 

